I just defined What is biotechnology?, now classification discuss. First is plant biotechnology. Plant biotechnology involves the application of genetic engineering, molecular biology and other advanced scientific techniques to develop food and fiber crops with enhanced beneficial traits, such as resistance to destructive insects and diseases, and production of more healthful oils.
Then how How does plant biotechnology work?
Plant breeders identify, select and move genes with beneficial traits from one plant to another in a process that is faster, more efficient and more precise than traditional techniques, such as cross breeding. This method mixes thousands of genes carried in pollen of a plant, such as corn, to isolate a desirable trait or traits. It takes years to complete and does not always result in a variety with the yield, quality traits and other characteristics sought by the breeder.

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Before 1971, biotechnology was primarily used in the food processing and agriculture industries. Since the 1970s, it began to be used to refer to laboratory-based techniques being developed in biological research, such as recombinant DNA or tissue culture-based processes, or horizontal gene transfer in living plants. In fact, the term should be used in a much broader sense to describe the whole range of methods, both ancient and modern, used to manipulate organic materials to reach the demands of food production.



